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If it refers to the ratio of PVC to other additives, this will vary depending on the specific product and use. Generally speaking, PVC resin accounts for a large proportion of PVC products, usually around 70% - 90%, and the rest is various additives, such as plasticizers, stabilizers, fillers, etc.
The ratio of different additives will have a significant impact on the performance of the material:
Plasticizer:
Flexibility: The flexibility of the material is significantly improved as the plasticizer content increases. It can be inserted between PVC molecular chains, weakening the force between the molecular chains, making the molecular chains easier to slide relative to each other, making the material softer and more elastic. For example, soft PVC products such as plastic films and artificial leather can have a plasticizer content of up to 30% - 70%, which has good flexibility and stretchability.
Hardness: As the proportion of plasticizer increases, the hardness of the material decreases. Because the addition of plasticizers destroys the regularity and tight arrangement of PVC molecular chains, the internal structure of the material becomes loose, and the ability to resist external deformation decreases.
Durability: An appropriate amount of plasticizer can improve the processing performance and flexibility of the material, improve its impact resistance and fatigue resistance to a certain extent, and help to extend the service life. However, if the plasticizer content is too high, the heat resistance and water resistance of the material may decrease, and it is easy to migrate and volatilize, thereby affecting the long-term stability and durability of the material.
Filler:
Flexibility: In general, the addition of fillers will reduce the flexibility of the material. Because fillers are usually rigid particles, they are dispersed in the PVC matrix, which will hinder the movement of PVC molecular chains and make the elasticity and flexibility of the material worse.
Hardness: Fillers can increase the hardness of the material. Fillers have a high hardness. Adding them to PVC can enhance the overall rigidity and hardness of the material. For example, adding fillers such as calcium carbonate to PVC pipes can improve the hardness and compressive resistance of the pipes.
Durability: An appropriate amount of fillers can improve the wear resistance, weather resistance and other properties of the material, thereby enhancing durability. However, if too much filler is added, it may cause the toughness of the material to decrease, and it is easy to crack and other problems, which will reduce durability.
Stabilizer:
Flexibility: The main function of the stabilizer is to improve the thermal stability and light stability of PVC, and generally has little effect on flexibility. However, if the stabilizer is not selected properly or the amount is too much, it may interact with other additives and indirectly affect the flexibility of the material.
Hardness: Usually has no direct effect on hardness. However, when PVC is degraded due to heat, light and other factors during processing or use, it will cause molecular chain breakage, cross-linking, etc., which will cause the hardness of the material to change. The presence of stabilizers can prevent this from happening and maintain the stability of the material's hardness.
Durability: Stabilizers can effectively inhibit the degradation of PVC during processing and use, prevent the material from turning yellow, becoming brittle, and losing mechanical properties due to aging, and greatly improve the durability of the material. For example, adding an appropriate amount of stabilizers such as ultraviolet absorbers to PVC profiles used outdoors can keep them in good performance under long-term light exposure.